Using new sequence support in DDSImageWriter

+ some minor bonus clean-up

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run Tests
         run: mvn --batch-mode --no-transfer-progress test
       - name: Publish Test Report
-        uses: mikepenz/action-junit-report@74626db7353a25a20a72816467ebf035f674c5f8 # v5
+        uses: mikepenz/action-junit-report@49b2ca06f62aa7ef83ae6769a2179271e160d8e4 # v5
         if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
         with:
           report_paths: "**/target/surefire-reports/TEST*.xml"
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run Tests
         run: mvn --batch-mode --no-transfer-progress test
       - name: Publish Test Report
-        uses: mikepenz/action-junit-report@74626db7353a25a20a72816467ebf035f674c5f8 # v5
+        uses: mikepenz/action-junit-report@49b2ca06f62aa7ef83ae6769a2179271e160d8e4 # v5
         if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
         with:
           report_paths: "**/target/surefire-reports/TEST*.xml"
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run Tests
         run: mvn --batch-mode --no-transfer-progress test
       - name: Publish Test Report
-        uses: mikepenz/action-junit-report@74626db7353a25a20a72816467ebf035f674c5f8 # v5
+        uses: mikepenz/action-junit-report@49b2ca06f62aa7ef83ae6769a2179271e160d8e4 # v5
         if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
         with:
           report_paths: "**/target/surefire-reports/TEST*.xml"

.github/workflows/scorecard.yml

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
       # Upload the results as artifacts (optional). Commenting out will disable uploads of run results in SARIF
       # format to the repository Actions tab.
       - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
         with:
           name: SARIF file
           path: results.sarif

imageio/imageio-bmp/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/bmp/ICOImageWriter.java

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.plugins.bmp;
 
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.stream.SubImageOutputStream;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.ProgressListenerBase;
+import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.SequenceSupport;
 
 import javax.imageio.IIOException;
 import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
     private static final int ICO_MAX_DIMENSION = 256;
     private static final int INITIAL_ENTRY_COUNT = 8;
 
-    private int sequenceIndex = -1;
+    private final SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
 
     private ImageWriter pngDelegate;
 
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
 
     @Override
     protected void resetMembers() {
-        sequenceIndex = -1;
+        sequence.reset();
 
         if (pngDelegate != null) {
             pngDelegate.dispose();
@@ -107,16 +108,12 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
     @Override
     public void prepareWriteSequence(final IIOMetadata streamMetadata) throws IOException {
         assertOutput();
-
-        if (sequenceIndex >= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("writeSequence already started");
-        }
+        sequence.start();
 
         writeICOHeader();
 
         // Count: Needs to be updated for each new image
         imageOutput.writeShort(0);
-        sequenceIndex = 0;
 
         // TODO: Allow passing the initial size of the directory in the stream metadata?
         // - as this is much more efficient than growing...
@@ -130,27 +127,19 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
     @Override
     public void endWriteSequence() {
         assertOutput();
-
-        if (sequenceIndex < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not called");
-        }
-
-        sequenceIndex = -1;
+        sequence.end();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void writeToSequence(final IIOImage image, final ImageWriteParam param) throws IOException {
         assertOutput();
-
-        if (sequenceIndex < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not called");
-        }
+        int imageIndex = sequence.advance();
 
         if (image.hasRaster()) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Raster not supported");
         }
 
-        if (sequenceIndex >= INITIAL_ENTRY_COUNT) {
+        if (imageIndex >= INITIAL_ENTRY_COUNT) {
             growIfNecessary();
         }
 
@@ -172,7 +161,7 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
         // Uncompressed, RLE4/RLE8 or PNG compressed
         boolean pngCompression = param != null && "BI_PNG".equals(param.getCompressionType());
 
-        processImageStarted(sequenceIndex);
+        processImageStarted(imageIndex);
 
         if (pngCompression) {
             // NOTE: Embedding a PNG in a ICO is slightly different than a BMP with BI_PNG compression,
@@ -198,17 +187,15 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
 
         // Update count
         imageOutput.seek(4);
-        imageOutput.writeShort(sequenceIndex + 1);
+        imageOutput.writeShort(imageIndex + 1);
 
         // Write entry
-        int entryPosition = 6 + sequenceIndex * ENTRY_SIZE;
+        int entryPosition = 6 + imageIndex * ENTRY_SIZE;
         imageOutput.seek(entryPosition);
 
         long size = nextPosition - imageOffset;
         writeEntry(width,  height, colorModel, (int) size, (int) imageOffset);
 
-        sequenceIndex++;
-
         imageOutput.seek(nextPosition);
     }
 
@@ -265,7 +252,7 @@ public final class ICOImageWriter extends DIBImageWriter {
             pngDelegate.addIIOWriteWarningListener(new IIOWriteWarningListener() {
                 @Override
                 public void warningOccurred(ImageWriter source, int imageIndex, String warning) {
-                    processWarningOccurred(sequenceIndex, warning);
+                    processWarningOccurred(sequence.current(), warning);
                 }
             });
         }

imageio/imageio-core/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/util/SequenceSupport.java

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026, Harald Kuhr
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+ *   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ *   this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util;
+
+import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
+import javax.imageio.ImageWriteParam;
+import javax.imageio.ImageWriter;
+import javax.imageio.metadata.IIOMetadata;
+
+/**
+ * A tiny utility class that keeps state for sequences.
+ * For use by {@code ImageWriter} implementations that supports sequence (multiple images in same stream).
+ *
+ * @see ImageWriter#canWriteSequence()
+ */
+public final class SequenceSupport {
+    // Initial state, no sequence running
+    private int index = -1;
+
+    /**
+     * Resets the sequence to initial state, regardless of the current sequence state.
+     */
+    public void reset() {
+        index = -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts a new sequence.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if a sequence is already running.
+     * @see ImageWriter#prepareWriteSequence(IIOMetadata)
+     */
+    public void start() {
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence already invoked");
+        }
+
+        index = 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Advances the current sequence.
+     *
+     * @return the current sequence index.
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if a sequence is not running.
+     * @see ImageWriter#writeToSequence(IIOImage, ImageWriteParam)
+     */
+    public int advance() {
+        if (index < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not invoked");
+        }
+
+        return index++;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the current sequence index.
+     *
+     * @return the current sequence index, or {@code -1} if a sequence is not running.
+     */
+    public int current() {
+        // This method does not throw IllegalStateException, to allow
+        // ImageWriters to use the index in cases that may or may not
+        // happen "inside" a sequence.
+        // I'm not entirely sure if this is a good idea...
+        return index;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Ends the current sequence.
+     * The sequence is reset to initial state, and a new sequence may be started.
+     *
+     * @return the current (last) sequence index
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if a sequence is not running.
+     * @see ImageWriter#endWriteSequence()
+     */
+    public int end() {
+        if (index < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not invoked");
+        }
+
+        int last = index;
+        index = -1;
+
+        return last;
+    }
+}

imageio/imageio-core/src/test/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/util/SequenceSupportTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+class SequenceSupportTest {
+    @Test
+    void happyCase() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+
+        sequence.start();
+        assertEquals(0, sequence.current());
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < Byte.MAX_VALUE; i++) {
+            assertEquals(i, sequence.advance());
+            assertEquals(i + 1, sequence.current());
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(127, sequence.end());
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::advance);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void reset() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+        sequence.reset();
+
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::end);
+
+        sequence.start();
+        sequence.reset();
+
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::end);
+
+        sequence.start();
+        sequence.advance();
+        sequence.reset();
+
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::end);
+
+        sequence.start();
+        sequence.end();
+        sequence.reset();
+
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::end);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void startEnd() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+        sequence.start();
+        sequence.end();
+
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::end);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void startAlreadyStarted() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+        sequence.start();
+
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::start);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void advanceNotStarted() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::advance);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void currentNotStarted() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+        assertEquals(-1, sequence.current());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void endNotStarted() {
+        SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, sequence::end);
+    }
+}

imageio/imageio-dds/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/dds/DDSHeader.java

@@ -47,9 +47,12 @@ import java.awt.Dimension;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
+/**
+ * @see <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3ddds/dds-header">DDS_HEADER structure</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3ddds/dx-graphics-dds-pguide">Programming Guide for DDS</a>
+ */
 final class DDSHeader {
 
-    // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3ddds/dx-graphics-dds-pguide
     private int flags;
 
     private int mipMapCount;
@@ -69,26 +72,16 @@ final class DDSHeader {
     static DDSHeader read(final ImageInputStream imageInput) throws IOException {
         DDSHeader header = new DDSHeader();
 
-        // Read MAGIC bytes [0,3]
-        int magic = imageInput.readInt();
-        if (magic != DDS.MAGIC) {
-            throw new IIOException(String.format("Not a DDS file. Expected DDS magic 0x%8x', read 0x%8x", DDS.MAGIC, magic));
-        }
-
-        // DDS_HEADER structure
-        // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/direct3ddds/dds-header
         int dwSize = imageInput.readInt(); // [4,7]
         if (dwSize != DDS.HEADER_SIZE) {
             throw new IIOException(String.format("Invalid DDS header size (expected %d): %d", DDS.HEADER_SIZE, dwSize));
         }
 
-        // Verify setFlags
+        // Verify flags
         header.flags = imageInput.readInt(); // [8,11]
-        if (!header.getFlag(DDS.FLAG_CAPS
-                | DDS.FLAG_HEIGHT
-                | DDS.FLAG_WIDTH
-                | DDS.FLAG_PIXELFORMAT)) {
-            throw new IIOException("Required DDS Flag missing in header: " + Integer.toBinaryString(header.flags));
+        if (!header.hasFlag(DDS.FLAG_CAPS | DDS.FLAG_HEIGHT | DDS.FLAG_WIDTH | DDS.FLAG_PIXELFORMAT)) {
+            // NOTE: The Microsoft DDS documentation mention that readers should not rely on these flags...
+            throw new IIOException("Required DDS flag missing in header: " + Integer.toBinaryString(header.flags));
         }
 
         // Read Height & Width
@@ -109,7 +102,7 @@ final class DDSHeader {
         // DDS_PIXELFORMAT structure
         int px_dwSize = imageInput.readInt(); // [76,79]
         if (px_dwSize != DDS.PIXELFORMAT_SIZE) {
-            throw new IIOException(String.format("Invalid DDS PIXELFORMAT size (expected %d): %d", DDS.PIXELFORMAT_SIZE, dwSize));
+            throw new IIOException(String.format("Invalid DDS pixel format structure size (expected %d): %d", DDS.PIXELFORMAT_SIZE, dwSize));
         }
 
         header.pixelFormatFlags = imageInput.readInt(); // [80,83]
@@ -128,6 +121,7 @@ final class DDSHeader {
         int dwReserved2 = imageInput.readInt(); // [124,127]
 
         if (header.fourCC == DDSType.DXT10.fourCC()) {
+            // If DXT10, the DXT10 header will follow immediately
             header.dxt10Header = DXT10Header.read(imageInput);
         }
 
@@ -146,8 +140,8 @@ final class DDSHeader {
         }
     }
 
-    private boolean getFlag(int mask) {
-        return (flags & mask) != 0;
+    private boolean hasFlag(int mask) {
+        return (flags & mask) == mask;
     }
 
     int getWidth(int imageIndex) {

imageio/imageio-dds/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/dds/DDSImageMetadata.java

@@ -77,5 +77,4 @@ final class DDSImageMetadata extends StandardImageMetadataSupport {
 
         return count;
     }
-
 }

imageio/imageio-dds/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/dds/DDSImageReader.java

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.plugins.dds;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.ImageReaderBase;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.ImageTypeSpecifiers;
 
+import javax.imageio.IIOException;
 import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
 import javax.imageio.ImageReadParam;
 import javax.imageio.ImageTypeSpecifier;
@@ -167,6 +168,12 @@ public final class DDSImageReader extends ImageReaderBase {
     private void readHeader() throws IOException {
         if (header == null) {
             imageInput.setByteOrder(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
+
+            int magic = imageInput.readInt();
+            if (magic != DDS.MAGIC) {
+                throw new IIOException(String.format("Not a DDS file. Expected DDS magic 0x%8x', read 0x%8x", DDS.MAGIC, magic));
+            }
+
             header = DDSHeader.read(imageInput);
             imageInput.flushBefore(imageInput.getStreamPosition());
         }

imageio/imageio-dds/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/dds/DDSImageWriter.java

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.plugins.dds;
 
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.ImageWriterBase;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.IIOUtil;
+import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.SequenceSupport;
 
 import javax.imageio.IIOException;
 import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
@@ -29,9 +30,9 @@ import java.nio.file.Paths;
  */
 class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
-    private long startPos;
-    // TODO: Create a SequenceSupport class that handles sequence prepare/write/end
-    private int mipmapIndex = -1;
+    private final SequenceSupport mipmapSequence = new SequenceSupport();
+
+    private long headerStartPos;
     private DDSType mipmapType;
     private Dimension mipmapDimension;
 
@@ -46,7 +47,8 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
     @Override
     protected void resetMembers() {
-        mipmapIndex = -1;
+        headerStartPos = 0;
+        mipmapSequence.reset();
         mipmapType = null;
         mipmapDimension = null;
     }
@@ -64,30 +66,22 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
     @Override
     public void prepareWriteSequence(IIOMetadata streamMetadata) throws IOException {
         assertOutput();
+        mipmapSequence.start();
 
-        if (mipmapIndex >= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("writeSequence already started");
-        }
-        mipmapIndex = 0;
-
-        startPos = imageOutput.getStreamPosition();
         imageOutput.setByteOrder(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
         imageOutput.writeInt(DDS.MAGIC);
         imageOutput.flush();
+
+        headerStartPos = imageOutput.getStreamPosition();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void endWriteSequence() throws IOException {
-        assertOutput();
+        int mipmapCount = mipmapSequence.end();
 
-        if (mipmapIndex < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not called");
-        }
+        // Go back and update header
+        updateHeader(mipmapCount);
 
-        // Go back and update hader
-        updateHeader(mipmapIndex);
-
-        mipmapIndex = -1;
         mipmapType = null;
         mipmapDimension = null;
 
@@ -103,13 +97,12 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
     @Override
     public void writeToSequence(IIOImage image, ImageWriteParam param) throws IOException {
-        if (mipmapIndex < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not called");
-        }
+        int mipmapIndex = mipmapSequence.advance();
 
         Raster raster = getRaster(image);
         ensureImageChannels(raster);
         ensureTextureDimension(raster);
+        mipmapDimension = new Dimension(raster.getWidth(), raster.getHeight());
 
         DDSImageWriteParam ddsParam = param instanceof DDSImageWriteParam
             ? ((DDSImageWriteParam) param)
@@ -120,7 +113,7 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
             mipmapType = type;
         }
         else if (type != mipmapType) {
-            processWarningOccurred(mipmapIndex, "All images in DDS MipMap must use same pixel format and compression");
+            processWarningOccurred(mipmapIndex, "All images in DDS mipmap must use same pixel format and compression");
         }
         if (mipmapType == null) {
             throw new IIOException("Only compressed DDS using DXT1-5 or DXT10 with block compression is currently supported");
@@ -140,9 +133,6 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
         processImageProgress(100f);
         processImageComplete();
-
-        mipmapDimension = new Dimension(raster.getWidth(), raster.getHeight());
-        mipmapIndex++;
     }
 
     private static Raster getRaster(IIOImage image) throws IIOException {
@@ -210,7 +200,7 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
         //dwDepth
         imageOutput.writeInt(0);
         //dwMipmapCount
-        imageOutput.writeInt(1);
+        imageOutput.writeInt(1); // Should probably write 0 here for non-mipmap?
         //reserved
         imageOutput.write(new byte[44]);
         //pixFmt
@@ -230,7 +220,7 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
         }
 
         long streamPosition = imageOutput.getStreamPosition();
-        imageOutput.seek(startPos + 8); // Seek back to start + 4 magic + 4 header size
+        imageOutput.seek(headerStartPos + 4); // Seek back to header start, skip 4 byte header size
 
         int flags = imageOutput.readInt();
         imageOutput.seek(imageOutput.getStreamPosition() - 4);
@@ -268,15 +258,14 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
             //dwRGBBitCount
             imageOutput.writeInt(type.blockSize() * 8); // TODO: Is bitcount always a multiple of 8?
 
-            int[] mask = type.rgbaMasks;
             //dwRBitMask
-            imageOutput.writeInt(mask[0]);
+            imageOutput.writeInt(type.rgbaMasks[0]);
             //dwGBitMask
-            imageOutput.writeInt(mask[1]);
+            imageOutput.writeInt(type.rgbaMasks[1]);
             //dwBBitMask
-            imageOutput.writeInt(mask[2]);
+            imageOutput.writeInt(type.rgbaMasks[2]);
             //dwABitMask
-            imageOutput.writeInt(mask[3]);
+            imageOutput.writeInt(type.rgbaMasks[3]);
         }
         else {
             //write 5 zero integers as fourCC is used
@@ -302,7 +291,8 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
             imageOutput.writeInt(DDS.PIXEL_FORMAT_FLAG_FOURCC);
         }
         else {
-            imageOutput.writeInt(DDS.PIXEL_FORMAT_FLAG_RGB | (type.rgbaMasks != null ? DDS.PIXEL_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHAPIXELS : 0));
+            imageOutput.writeInt(DDS.PIXEL_FORMAT_FLAG_RGB
+                | (type.rgbaMasks != null && type.rgbaMasks[3] != 0 ? DDS.PIXEL_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHAPIXELS : 0));
         }
     }
 
@@ -334,6 +324,7 @@ class DDSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
         if (args.length != 1) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Use 1 input file at a time.");
         }
+
         ImageIO.write(ImageIO.read(new File(args[0])), "dds", new MemoryCacheImageOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get("output.dds"))));
     }
 }

imageio/imageio-icns/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/icns/ICNSImageWriter.java

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.plugins.icns;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.ImageWriterBase;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.stream.SubImageOutputStream;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.ProgressListenerBase;
+import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.SequenceSupport;
 
 import javax.imageio.IIOException;
 import javax.imageio.IIOImage;
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ import java.util.Iterator;
  */
 public final class ICNSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
-    private int sequenceIndex = -1;
+    private final SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
     private ImageWriter pngDelegate;
 
     ICNSImageWriter(ImageWriterSpi provider) {
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ public final class ICNSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
     @Override
     protected void resetMembers() {
-        sequenceIndex = -1;
+        sequence.reset();
 
         if (pngDelegate != null) {
             pngDelegate.dispose();
@@ -97,41 +98,29 @@ public final class ICNSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
     @Override
     public void prepareWriteSequence(final IIOMetadata streamMetadata) throws IOException {
         assertOutput();
+        sequence.start();
 
         // TODO: Allow TOC resource to be passed as stream metadata?
         // - We only need number of icons to be written later
         // - The contents of the TOC could be updated while adding to the sequence
 
-        if (sequenceIndex >= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("writeSequence already started");
-        }
-
         writeICNSHeader();
-        sequenceIndex = 0;
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("RedundantThrows")
     @Override
     public void endWriteSequence() throws IOException {
         assertOutput();
-
-        if (sequenceIndex < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not called");
-        }
+        sequence.end();
 
         // TODO: Now that we know the number of icon resources, we could move all data backwards
         // and write a TOC... But I don't think the benefit will outweigh the cost.
-
-        sequenceIndex = -1;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void writeToSequence(final IIOImage image, final ImageWriteParam param) throws IOException {
         assertOutput();
-
-        if (sequenceIndex < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence not called");
-        }
+        int imageIndex = sequence.advance();
 
         if (image.hasRaster()) {
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException("image has a Raster");
@@ -148,7 +137,7 @@ public final class ICNSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
         imageOutput.writeInt(IconResource.typeFromImage(image.getRenderedImage(), "PNG"));
         imageOutput.writeInt(0); // Size, update later
 
-        processImageStarted(sequenceIndex);
+        processImageStarted(imageIndex);
 
         // Write icon in PNG format
         ImageWriter writer = getPNGDelegate();
@@ -208,7 +197,7 @@ public final class ICNSImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
             pngDelegate.addIIOWriteWarningListener(new IIOWriteWarningListener() {
                 @Override
                 public void warningOccurred(ImageWriter source, int imageIndex, String warning) {
-                    processWarningOccurred(sequenceIndex, warning);
+                    processWarningOccurred(sequence.current(), warning);
                 }
             });
         }

imageio/imageio-tiff/src/main/java/com/twelvemonkeys/imageio/plugins/tiff/TIFFImageWriter.java

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.stream.SubImageOutputStream;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.IIOUtil;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.ImageTypeSpecifiers;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.ProgressListenerBase;
+import com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util.SequenceSupport;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.io.enc.EncoderStream;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.io.enc.PackBitsEncoder;
 import com.twelvemonkeys.lang.Validate;
@@ -110,12 +111,7 @@ public final class TIFFImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
     // Support storing multiple images in one stream (multi-page TIFF)
     // Support more of the ImageIO metadata (ie. compression from metadata, etc)
 
-    /**
-     * Flag for active sequence writing
-     */
-    private boolean writingSequence = false;
-
-    private int sequenceIndex = 0;
+    private final SequenceSupport sequence = new SequenceSupport();
 
     /**
      * Metadata writer for sequence writing
@@ -751,7 +747,7 @@ public final class TIFFImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
             ifd = ((TIFFImageMetadata) inData).getIFD();
         }
         else {
-            TIFFImageMetadata outData = new TIFFImageMetadata(Collections.<Entry>emptySet());
+            TIFFImageMetadata outData = new TIFFImageMetadata(Collections.emptySet());
 
             try {
                 if (Arrays.asList(inData.getMetadataFormatNames()).contains(SUN_NATIVE_IMAGE_METADATA_FORMAT_NAME)) {
@@ -766,7 +762,7 @@ public final class TIFFImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
                 }
             }
             catch (IIOInvalidTreeException e) {
-                processWarningOccurred(sequenceIndex, "Could not convert image meta data: " + e.getMessage());
+                processWarningOccurred(sequence.current(), "Could not convert image meta data: " + e.getMessage());
             }
 
             ifd = outData.getIFD();
@@ -966,14 +962,11 @@ public final class TIFFImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
     @Override
     public void prepareWriteSequence(final IIOMetadata streamMetadata) throws IOException {
-        if (writingSequence) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("sequence writing has already been started!");
-        }
+        sequence.start();
 
         assertOutput();
         configureStreamByteOrder(streamMetadata, imageOutput);
 
-        writingSequence = true;
         sequenceTIFFWriter = new TIFFWriter(isBigTIFF() ? 8 : 4);
         sequenceTIFFWriter.writeTIFFHeader(imageOutput);
         sequenceLastIFDPos = imageOutput.getStreamPosition();
@@ -985,26 +978,20 @@ public final class TIFFImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
 
     @Override
     public void writeToSequence(final IIOImage image, final ImageWriteParam param) throws IOException {
-        if (!writingSequence) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence() must be called before writeToSequence()!");
-        }
+        int sequenceIndex = sequence.advance();
 
         if (sequenceIndex > 0) {
             imageOutput.flushBefore(sequenceLastIFDPos);
             imageOutput.seek(imageOutput.length());
         }
 
-        sequenceLastIFDPos = writePage(sequenceIndex++, image, param, sequenceTIFFWriter, sequenceLastIFDPos);
+        sequenceLastIFDPos = writePage(sequenceIndex, image, param, sequenceTIFFWriter, sequenceLastIFDPos);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void endWriteSequence() throws IOException {
-        if (!writingSequence) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("prepareWriteSequence() must be called before endWriteSequence()!");
-        }
+        sequence.end();
 
-        writingSequence = false;
-        sequenceIndex = 0;
         sequenceTIFFWriter = null;
         sequenceLastIFDPos = -1;
         imageOutput.flush();
@@ -1014,8 +1001,7 @@ public final class TIFFImageWriter extends ImageWriterBase {
     protected void resetMembers() {
         super.resetMembers();
 
-        writingSequence = false;
-        sequenceIndex = 0;
+        sequence.reset();
         sequenceTIFFWriter = null;
         sequenceLastIFDPos = -1;
     }

pom.xml

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
                 <plugin>
                     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                     <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
-                    <version>3.4.0</version>
+                    <version>3.5.0</version>
                     <configuration>
                         <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                     </configuration>

servlet/pom.xml

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.6.1</version>
+                <version>3.6.2</version>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <id>jakarta</id>